Childhood — Reading Companion
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This digital edition of Childhood — Reading Companion is described by source-level measurements including 42,369 words, 3 hr 5 min estimated reading time, and 6 detected text sections.
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Project Gutenberg metadata also associates the work with “Autobiographical fiction,” connecting these edition facts with the source record’s subject description.
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e tea-pot, while with the other one she was drawing water from the urn and letting it drip into the tray. Yet though she appeared to be noticing what she doing, in reality she noted neither this fact nor our entry.
However vivid be one’s recollection of the past, any attempt to recall the features of a beloved being shows them to one’s vision as through a mist of tears--dim and blurred. Those tears are the tears of the imagination. When I try to recall Mamma as she was then, I see, true, her brown eyes, expressive always of love and kindness, the small mole on her neck below where the small hairs grow, her white embroidered collar, and the delicate, fresh hand which so often caressed me, and which I so often kissed; but her general appearance escapes me altogether.
To the left of the sofa stood an English piano, at which my dark-haired sister Lubotshka was sitting and playing with manifest effort (for her hands were rosy from a recent washing in cold water) Clementi’s “Etudes.” Then eleven years old, she was dressed in a short cotton frock and white lace-frilled trousers, and could take her octaves only in arpeggio. Beside her was sitting Maria Ivanovna, in a cap adorned with pink ribbons and a blue shawl. Her face was red and cross, and it assumed an expression even more severe when Karl Ivanitch entered the room. Looking angrily at him without answering his bow, she went on beating time with her foot and counting, “One, two, three--one, two, three,” more loudly and commandingly than ever.
Karl Ivanitch paid no attention to this rudeness, but went, as usual, with German politeness to kiss Mamma’s hand. She drew herself up, shook her head as though by the movement to chase away sad thoughts from her, and gave Karl her hand, kissing him on his wrinkled temple as he bent his head in salutation.
“I thank you, dear Karl Ivanitch,” she said in German, and then, still using the same language asked him how we (the children) had slept. Karl Ivanitch was deaf in one ear, and the added noise of the piano now prevented him from hearing anything at all. He moved nearer to the sofa, and, leaning one hand upon the table and lifting his cap above his head, said with, a smile which in those days always seemed to me the perfection of politeness: “You, will excuse me, will you not, Natalia Nicolaevna?”
The reason for this was that, to avoid catching cold, Karl never took off his red cap, but invariably asked permission, on entering the drawing-room, to retain it on his head.
“Yes, pray replace it, Karl Ivanitch,” said Mamma, bending towards him and raising her voice, “But I asked you whether the children had slept well?”
Still he did not hear, but, covering his bald head again with the red cap, went on smiling more than ever.
“Stop a moment, Mimi,” said Mamma (now smiling also) to Maria Ivanovna. “It is impossible to hear anything.”
How beautiful Mamma’s face was when she smiled! It made her so infinitely more charming, and everything around her seemed to grow brighter! If in the more painful moments of my life I could have seen that smile before my eyes, I should never have known what grief is. In my opinion, it is in the smile of a face that the essence of what we call beauty lies. If the smile heightens the charm of the face, then the face is a beautiful one. If the smile does not alter the face, then the face is an ordinary one. But if the smile spoils the face, then the face is an ugly one indeed.
Mamma took my head between her hands, bent it gently backwards, looked at me gravely, and said: “You have been crying this morning?”
I did not answer. She kissed my eyes, and said again in German: “Why did you cry?”
When talking to us with particular intimacy she always used this language, which she knew to perfection.
“I cried about a dream, Mamma” I replied, remembering the invented vision, and trembling involuntarily at the recollection.
Karl Ivanitch confirmed my words, but said nothing as to the subject of the dream. Then, after a little conversation on the weather, in which Mimi also took part, Mamma laid some lumps of sugar on the tray for one or two of the more privileged servants, and crossed over to her embroidery frame, which stood near one of the windows.
“Go to Papa now, children,” she said, “and ask him to come to me before he goes to the home farm.”
The first chapter introduces the ten-year-old narrator, Nicolinka, waking to the sound of Karl Ivanitch slapping flies with a sugar-paper flap. The boy’s immediate, vivid irritation—directed at the tutor’s dressing-gown, cap, and tassel—establishes a voice that mixes childish pique with sharp observation. Tolstoy renders the domestic scene in precise, sensory detail: the dead fly on his curls, the shaking icon, the goat-skin slippers. This opening signals that the book will dwell not on grand events but on the inner weather of a sensitive child, where a fly-flap can feel like persecution and a tutor’s kindness is grudgingly acknowledged.
A Child’s Eye for Adult Contradictions
The excerpts show Nicolinka constantly noting the gap between what adults say and what they do. When the Princess Kornakoff argues that children must be ruled through fear, he thinks, “How lucky it is that I am not her son!”—a silent judgment that reveals his own moral compass. Later, his father introduces him as “my poet” while remarking on his tuft of hair, a comment that stings because Nicolinka already believes himself ugly. These moments are not explained; they are simply recorded, leaving the reader to gauge the weight of each slight. Tolstoy’s method is to let the boy’s perceptions stand without adult commentary, so that the irony accumulates through accumulation rather than authorial nudging.
The Texture of Daily Humiliation
Nicolinka’s sensitivity to his own appearance recurs throughout the excerpts. He recalls a conversation at age six when his mother tried to find good features in his face, only to have his father prove the contrary. Her consolation—“nobody will ever love you for your face alone”—becomes a double-edged lesson: it confirms his ugliness but also spurs him to be good and clever. Yet the memory is tinged with despair, as he believes that “no human being with such a large nose, such thick lips, and such small grey eyes” could ever be happy. The narrative does not soften this; it lets the child’s logic stand, making the reader feel the rawness of a self-image formed in the crucible of family remarks.
Shifting Allegiances in the Schoolroom
The tutor Karl Ivanitch is both tormentor and beloved figure. Nicolinka’s initial fury at being woken gives way to the admission, “How kind he is, and how fond of us!”—a reversal that happens within a few paragraphs. This volatility of feeling is characteristic of the narrative: emotions are not stable but oscillate rapidly, driven by small gestures. The tutor’s German accent, his snuff-box, his tickling toes—these details build a portrait of a man who is ridiculous and affectionate by turns. The reader sees him through Nicolinka’s shifting moods, never settling into a fixed judgment, which mirrors the child’s own uncertainty about whom to trust and how to love.
The Party as a Stage for Social Anxiety
In the later excerpt, the arrival of the Princess Kornakoff at a family gathering forces Nicolinka into a formal performance. He must kiss her hand while picturing that same hand holding a rod—a vivid, private image that undercuts the polite surface. His father’s casual remark about his tuft of hair sends him retreating into a corner, brooding on “manly beauty.” The party scenes, glimpsed through the table of contents (Preparations for the Party, Before the Mazurka, The Mazurka, After the Mazurka), suggest that social rituals are a minefield of embarrassment and longing. Tolstoy uses these set pieces to show how a child navigates adult expectations while clinging to a secret, often painful, inner world.
Reading Childhood requires attending to the spaces between events—the thoughts that contradict spoken words, the memories that surface unbidden. Tolstoy does not explain his narrator’s feelings; he presents them as immediate and often contradictory. A first-time reader may find it useful to note where Nicolinka’s judgment of a person shifts within a single scene, and to consider how the adult narrator’s retrospective voice colors the child’s perceptions without fully explaining them. The book’s power lies in these unresolved tensions.
There’s a moment in Tolstoy’s boyhood where a fly-flap becomes a tiny, lasting wound. I remembered that feeling, quietly, while rereading my old copy of London Lavender — Reading Notes; its marginalia feels like someone else’s childhood scraped onto the page, and I lingered there longer than I meant to, missing my own.
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